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A stone building to the east of the main complex is
thought to have been the abbot's house. It contains two
levels of vaulted apartments consisting of two halls,
bedchambers, a private chapel and service rooms. The
upper level was reached by an external staircase, which
allowed the floors to be used independently if
needed.
The central core of the monastery was surrounded by a
precinct containing an outer (public) courtyard and an
inner (private) courtyard, gardens, barns, guesthouses
for travellers, stables, fishponds, the home farm and
industrial buildings. The site was defended by a high
bank and moat, part of which remains east of the abbey.
Entrance was strictly controlled by an outer and inner
gatehouse. A chapel, known as the capella ante
portas (Latin for chapel outside the gates) was placed
by the outer gatehouse for the use of travellers and the
local community. Of the precinct buildings, only the
abbot's house, the moat and the fishponds have left
visible remains.
Netley's fresh water was supplied by two aqueducts
which ran for several miles east and west of the abbey,
up into the areas of modern Southampton and Eastleigh.
The remains of the eastern aqueduct, now known as
Tickleford Gully, can be seen in Wentworth Gardens,
Southampton.
Henry III added generously to the endowment left by
Peter des Roches. The king donated farmland, urban
property in Southampton and elsewhere, and spiritual
revenues from churches. By 1291, taxation returns show
that the abbey had a clear annual revenue of £81, a
comfortable income. However, shortly afterwards a period
of bad management resulted in the abbey accruing
substantial debts, and it was soon almost bankrupt. In
1328 the government was forced to appoint an
administrator, John of Mere, to address the crisis.
Despite forcing the abbot to apply revenues to debt
repayment and to sell many of the estates, he was only
partly successful. Ten years later the abbey was again
appealing to the king for help with a disastrous
financial situation. The monks blamed their problems on
the cost of providing hospitality to the many travellers
by sea, and the king's sailors who landed at the abbey.
The king provided some small grants. enabling the abbey
to overcome its difficulties, but the property sales
meant that the abbey's income never recovered, and it
settled into what has been described as genteel
poverty.
Nevertheless, Netley remained a much respected
institution by its neighbours until the end of its life
as a monastery. It was not known for scholarship,
wealth, or particular fervour, but it was highly
regarded for its generosity to travellers and sailors,
and for the devout lives ("by Raporte of good Religious
conversation") led by its monks. The abbot was
summoned on many occasions to sit in Parliament with
fellow prelates in the House of Lords as one of the
Lords Spiritual. Surviving reports indicate the abbey
had a peaceful and scandal-free domestic life.
Dissolution - The Mistery of Netley Abbey
The Mistery of Netley Abbey - Index
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